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Tutorials: Beginning Organic Chemistry. | Organic Nomenclature | Problem Solving
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| Formula | Molar Mass | Name (click for model) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH2O2 | 46.03 | Methanoic acid, Formic acid | pKa 3.75 Information." |
| CH4 | 16.05 | Methane | Marsh gas. Major component of natural gas. Information." |
| CH4N2O | 60.07 | Urea | Fertilizer, animal feed. Information." |
| CH5N | 31.07 | Methanamine, methylamine | Synthesis by a non-chemist!" |
| C2H2O4 | 90.04 | Ethanedioic acid, Oxalic acid | pKa values: 1.23, 4.19. Found in rhubarb leaves. Poisonous." |
| C2H4 | 28.06 | Ethene, ethylene | Occurs in ripening fruit. controlling the ripening of fruit. Information." |
| C2H4S5 | 188.36 | Lenthionine | In edible shiitake mushrooms" |
| C2H6O | 46.08 | Ethanol, ethyl alcohol | Alcohol as a drink/drug. Use of ethanol as energy source. More on ethanol for energy." |
| C3H2O5 | 118.05 | Oxopropanedioic acid | Found in beet molasses." |
| C3H5NO4 | 119.09 | Hadacidin | Antitumor antibiotic properties" |
| C3H6O3 | 90.09 | (R)-(+)-Glyceraldehyde | " |
| C3H6O3 | 90.09 | (S)-(-)-Glyceraldehyde | " |
| C3H6O3 | 90.09 | (S)-(+)-Lactic Acid | In blood and muscles of man and animals." |
| C3H7NO2 | 89.11 | Alanine | Amino acid" |
| C3H7NO2S | 121.17 | (R)-Cysteine | Natural enantiomer, L-" |
| C4H4N2O2 | 112.1 | Uracil | Constituent of nucleic acids." |
| C4H4O | 68.08 | Furan | Vapours narcotic; absorbed through skin." |
| C4H4S | 84.14 | Thiophene | From coal tar. Used as a solvent, very stable." |
| C4H5N | 67.1 | Pyrrole | " |
| C4H5N3O | 111.12 | Cytosine | Constituent of nucleic acids." |
| C4H6O5 | 134.1 | Hydroxybutanedioic acid | (S)-Malic acid, apple acid. Found in many fruits." |
| C4H6O6 | 150.1 | (+)-(2R,3R)-Tartaric Acid | by-product of wine making, see the S,S enantiomer" |
| C4H6O6 | 150.1 | (2R,3S)-Tartaric Acid (meso) | " |
| C4H6O6 | 150.1 | (-)-(2S,3S)-Tartaric Acid | a rare form of this acid with no optical rotation was called Racemic Acid (from "+ "racemus=bunch of grapes, L). Experiment showed that this was a 50-50 mixture of the (+) and (-) forms of tartaric acid (which were separated by hand-picking crystals of the sodium ammonium salt of racemic acid) and this has led all such 50-50 mixtures of the two enantiomers being labelled racemic" |
| C4H8O3 | 104.12 | (2R,3R)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanal, D-Erythrose (open chain) | " |
| C4H8O3 | 104.12 | (2R,3S)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanal, L-Threose (open chain) | " |
| C4H8O3 | 104.12 | (2S,3R)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanal, D-Threose (open chain) | " |
| C4H8O3 | 104.12 | (2S,3S)-2,3,4-Trihydroxybutanal, L-Erythrose (open chain) | " |
| C5H4O2 | 96.09 | Furfural | Information." |
| C5H4O3 | 112.09 | 2-Furoic acid | " |
| C5H5N | 79.11 | Pyridine | Solvent, unpleasant smell, in coal tar." |
| C5H5N5 | 135.15 | Adenine | Vitamin B4." |
| C5H5N5O | 151.15 | Guanine | Isolated first from guano." |
| C5H6N2O | 110.13 | Thymine | Constituent of nucleic acids." |
| C5H8O2 | 100.13 | (Z)-2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid | Angelic acid pKa 4.3" |
| C5H8O2 | 100.13 | (E)-2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid | Tiglic acid pKa 5.02" |
| C5H8O2 | 100.13 | (Z)-2-Methylbut-2-enoic acid | Angelic acid: found in sumbul root, Angelica archangelica L., as an ester." |
| C5H9N3 | 111.17 | Histamine | Potent vasodilator naturally in normal tissues and blood." |
| C5H10O | 86.15 | 3-Methylbutanal | Occurs in orange, lemon and other oils, and is used as an artificial flavour." |
| C5H10O4 | 134.15 | beta-D-Deoxyribofuranose | " |
| C5H10O5 | 150.15 | beta-D-Ribofuranose | " |
| C5H11N | 85.17 | Piperidine | Found in black pepper." |
| C6H6N2O | 122.14 | Niacinamide | Vitamin B3." |
| C6H8O6 | 176.14 | Ascorbic Acid | Vitamin C Information on Vitamin C Information on Vitamin C sources Mor information on Vitamin C sources Microscope Image of Crystals of Vitamin C" |
| C6H9N3O2 | 155.18 | Histidine | Amino acid" |
| C6H10O | 98.16 | (E)-Hex-2-enal | Found along with hex-3-en-1-ol in cut grass." |
| C6H10O2 | 114.16 | (R)-4-Hexanolide | Pheromone component of the dermestid beetle, Trogoderma glabrum." |
| C6H12O | 100.18 | (Z)-Hex-3-en-1-ol | Leaf alcohol - present in leaves of odiferous plants - part of the odour of cut grass." |
| C6H12O6 | 180.18 | alpha-D-Galactopyranose | " |
| C6H12O6 | 180.18 | beta-D-Galactopyranose | " |
| C6H12S | 116.24 | (S)-2-Propylthietane | A component of the anel scent secretion of the stoat, Mustela arminea, 63% this enantiomer." |
| C6H12S | 116.24 | (R)-2-Propylthietane | A component of the anel scent secretion of the stoat, Mustela arminea, 37% this enantiomer." |
| C7H6O | 106.13 | Benzaldehyde | from bitter almonds, used in perfumery and as a flavour" |
| C7H6O2 | 122.13 | Benzoic acid | found in gum benzoin and in most berries, salts used as preservative" |
| C7H6O2 | 122.13 | 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde | Salicylaldehyde. Used in perfumery" |
| C7H6O2 | 122.13 | 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde | Small amounts found in many plants." |
| C7H6O5 | 170.13 | 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid | Gallic acid: found in gallnuts, sumach, tea leaves, oak bark, and many other plants, both in its free state and as part of the tannin molecule" |
| C7H7NO2 | 137.15 | 2-Aminobenzoic acid | vitamin L1, anthranilic acid" |
| C7H7NO2 | 137.15 | 4-Aminobenzoic acid | PABA. Sometimes used in sun screen lotions." |
| C7H8O | 108.15 | Benzyl alcohol, phenylmethanol | found in jasmine, hyacinth oils, plus others" |
| C7H8O | 108.15 | m-Cresol | Used in disinfectants, photography and as an explosive." |
| C7H12O | 112.19 | (R)-(+)-Seudenol | aggregation pheromone from the female Douglas fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Similar to the case of sulcatol (qv), the natural pheromone is a racemic mixture which is much more biologically active than either single enantiomer." |
| C7H12O | 112.19 | (S)-(-)-Seudenol | aggregation pheromone from the female Douglas fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Similar to the case of sulcatol (qv), the natural pheromone is a racemic mixture which is much more biologically active than either single enantiomer." |
| C7H14O | 114.21 | (S)-4-Methylhexan-3-one | Alarm pheromone of the ant Manica mutica." |
| C7H16O | 116.23 | (3R,4S)-4-Methylhexan-3-ol | Pheromone of the ant (Tetramorium impurum" |
| C8H6O3 | 150.14 | Piperonal | Used in cherry and vanilla flavours, and in perfumery." |
| C8H8O3 | 152.16 | Vanillin | flavouring agent : vanilla" |
| C8H8O3 | 152.16 | Methyl salicylate | In oil of wintergreen." |
| C8H9NO | 135.18 | 2,3-Dihydro-7-methylpyrrolizine-1-one | Pheromone of queen butterfly, Danaus gilippus berenice, and isolated from other butterflies" |
| C8H10N4O2 | 194.22 | Caffeine | in tea, coffee, cola nuts gif image caffeine faq, caffeine archive, chem info, drug info, Caffeine content in beverages, foods, drugs, Laboratory extraction of caffeine from tea" |
| C8H11NO2 | 153.2 | Dopamine | Neurotransmitter. A deficiency is associated with Parkinson disease" |
| C8H11NO3 | 169.2 | Pyridoxine, Vitamin B6 | " |
| C8H14O2 | 142.22 | Frontalin | A natural cyclic ketal From the male western pine beetle, Dendroctomus brevicomis." |
| C8H16O | 128.24 | (S)-4-Methylheptan-3-one | Principal alarm pheromone of the leaf-cutting ant, Atta texana" |
| C8H16O | 128.24 | (-)-(R)-Sulcatol | aggregation pheromone produced by males of Gnathotrichus sulcatus. Neither enantiomer is biologically active on its own, but the racemic mixture is more active than the natural pheromone which is a 65% S to 35% R mixture" |
| C8H16O | 128.24 | (+)-(S)-Sulcatol | aggregation pheromone produced by males of Gnathotrichus sulcatus. Neither enantiomer is biologically active on its own, but the racemic mixture is more active than the natural pheromone which is a 65% S to 35% R mixture" |
| C8H16O2 | 144.24 | (S)-2-Hydroxyoctan-3-one | Male-produced sex pheromone of the grape borer, Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus." |
| C8H17N | 127.26 | Coniine | from hemlock, Socrates' poison" |
| C8H17NO3S | 207.32 | Felinine | Isolated from cat urine. Rotation: -11.5" |
| C8H18O | 130.26 | (3S,4S)-4-Methylheptan-3-ol | An aggregation pheromone of the smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus" |
| C8H18O | 130.26 | (3R,4S)-4-Methylheptan-3-ol | A trail pheromone of the ant, Leptogenys diminuta" |
| C8H18O2 | 146.26 | (2S,3S)-Octane-2,3-diol | Male-produced sex pheromone component of Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus, a grape borer and major pest in Japan." |
| C8H18O2 | 146.26 | (2S)-2-Hydroxyoctan-3-one | Male-produced sex pheromone component of Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus, a grape borer and major pest in Japan." |
| C8H18O2 | 146.26 | (4S,5R)-5-Hydroxy-4-methylheptan-3-one | Sitphilure, aggregation pheromone of the rice weevil, Sitopilus oryzae, and the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais." |
| C9H6O2 | 146.15 | Coumarin | Found in tonka beans, lavender oil and sweet clover" |
| C9H6O3 | 162.15 | Umbelliferone | In some sun screen lotions/creams" |
| C9H7N | 129.17 | Quinoline | Occurs in coal tar. Used in manufacturing dyes, as a preservative and as a solvent." |
| C9H8O | 132.17 | Cinnamaldehyde | In cinnamon oils" |
| C9H9NO3 | 179.19 | Adrenochrome | Decomposition product of epinephrine (adrenaline). Adrenochrome is an hallucinogen which also inhibits nerve cell transmission." |
| C9H10O | 134.19 | Cinnamyl alcohol | Odour of hyacinth; occurs as esters in cinnamon leaves and hyacinth oil; used in perfumary and as a deodorant." |
| C9H11NO3 | 181.21 | Tyrosine | L- (S) enantiomer is naturally occuring amino acid." |
| C9H13NO | 151.23 | Acacia lactam | S enantiomer modelled." |
| C9H13NO3 | 183.23 | Epinephrine, adrenalin | Hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla. One use is as a bronchdilator - antiasthma" |
| C9H14 | 122.23 | Santene | component of East Indian sandalwood oil" |
| C9H14OS3 | 234.41 | (Z)-Ajoene | Antithrombotic principle found in garlic in a 4:1 (E:Z) ratio. The Z isomer is more biologically active. Garlic and health Growing garlic Crystal photograph" |
| C9H16O2 | 156.25 | exo-Brevicomin | A natural cyclic ketal. Component of the aggregation pheromone of the female western pine beetle, Dendroctomus brevicomis." |
| C9H16O2 | 156.25 | (R)-3,6-)Dimethylheptane-2,4-dione | Pheromone of the mushroom fly, Megaselia halterata. Although the R enantiomer is depicted, keto-enol tautomerism ensures that racemization quickly occurs." |
| C9H16O2 | 156.25 | Spiro[5.5]-1,7-dioxaundecane | Olive-fly pheromone" |
| C9H17N7O4 | 287.33 | Saxitoxin | from dinoflagellates, which include Alexandrium tamarense, Gymnodinium catenatum, and Pyrodinium bahamense cause of 'red tide'. Saxitoxin" |
| C9H18O | 142.27 | (S)-6-Methyloctan-3-one | Alarm pheromone of ants of the genus Crematogaster" |
| C9H18O | 142.27 | (E)-Non-6-en-1-ol | Male sex pheromone of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata." |
| C9H18O2 | 158.27 | 9-Hydroxynon-4-one | Rectal gland secretion of fruit flies, Dacus occipitalis and D. halfordiae." |
| C10H6O3 | 174.16 | Juglone | Colouring matter. Isolated from walnut shells" |
| C10H10O2 | 162.2 | Safrole | Constitutes 75% of sassafras oil." |
| C10H11NO2 | 177.22 | Tuberin | Antitubercular antibiotic from Streptomyces amakusaensis." |
| C10H12N2O | 176.24 | Serotonin | Vasoactive amine." |
| C10H12O2 | 164.22 | (2Z,4Z,6E)-Deca-2,4,6-trien-5-olide | Queen recognition pheromone component of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta." |
| C10H12O2 | 164.22 | Eugenol | Used in perfumery and as an insect attractant! Also as an analgesic in dentistry." |
| C10H12O2 | 164.22 | Isoeugenol | Occurs in ylang-ylang and other essential oils; used in the manufacture of vanillin" |
| C10H13N5O4 | 267.28 | AZT | (+)-3'azido-2'-deoxythymidine: AIDS drug information toxicology" |
| C10H14 | 134.24 | Thymol | from oil of thyme, a topical antiseptic" |
| C10H14N2 | 162.26 | Nicotine | insecticide" |
| C10H14O | 150.24 | (-)-(R)-Carvone | from spearmint oil" |
| C10H14O | 150.24 | (+)-(S)-Carvone | from caraway seed" |
| C10H14O | 150.24 | Filifolone | A bicyclo[3.2.0]enone and a monoterpene" |
| C10H16 | 136.26 | delta-3-Carene | a constituent of turpentine with a cyclopropyl ring" |
| C10H16 | 136.26 | (R)-(+)-Limonene | in oil of lemon, orange, caraway, etc." |
| C10H16 | 136.26 | 7-Methyl-3-methyleneocta-1,6-diene myrcene | Present in oil of bay, oil of verbena, bayberry wax, hops, and elsewhere" |
| C10H16 | 136.26 | alpha-Terpinene | Odour of lemons; from cardomom and majoram oils." |
| C10H16 | 136.26 | gamma-Terpinene | " |
| C10H16 | 136.26 | D-Lactic acid | Racemic lactic acid occurs in sour milk." |
| C10H16NO8S2 | 342.39 | Sinigrin (anion) | flavour compound: mustard, horseradish" |
| C10H16O | 152.26 | Geranial, Citral a | strong lemon odour" |
| C10H16O | 152.26 | Neral, Citral b | lemon odour, sweeter than geranial" |
| C10H16O | 152.26 | (R)-(-)-Ipsdienol | This enantiomer is a pheromone of Ips calligraphus" |
| C10H16O | 152.26 | (S)-(+)-Ipsdienol | This enantiomer is a pheromone of Ips paraconfusus and Ips avulsus" |
| C10H16O | 152.26 | Camphor | Moth repellant, plasticizer" |
| C10H16O | 152.26 | (S)-Pulegone | Found in oils from Labiatea family and in pennyroyal oils." |
| C10H16O | 152.26 | (S)-Piperitone | d-form has a peppermint odour; l-form is found in sitka spruce oil." |
| C10H16O2 | 168.26 | (+)-trans-Chrysanthemic acid | a terpene constituent of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium" |
| C10H16O3 | 184.26 | (E)-9-Oxodec-2-enoic acid | Queen substance of honey bee, Apis mellifera" |
| C10H17NO6 | 247.28 | Linamarin | from manoic, a SE Asian yam" |
| C10H17N3O6S | 307.36 | Glutathione | Major small sulphur-containing molecule in living plants and animals. Information Biochemical roles." |
| C10H18O | 154.28 | Citronellal | used as soap perfume and insect repellent" |
| C10H18O | 154.28 | Fragranol | A cyclobutanone from Artemisia fragrens. Diastereoisomer of grandisol" |
| C10H18O | 154.28 | Geraniol | From Turkish geranium oil, diasteriomer of nerol (qv)" |
| C10H18O | 154.28 | (S)-(+)-Manicone | Alarm pheromone of ants" |
| C10H18O | 154.28 | (R)-Linalool | Odour resembling bergamot and lavender which it replaces in perfumery; from lanaloe oil." |
| C10H18O | 154.28 | l-Menthone | Found in volatile oils of pennyroyal, peppermint and geranium and used in perfumary and flavouring." |
| C10H18O2 | 170.28 | (Z)-Dec-3-enoic acid | Sex pheromone of the furniture carpet beetle, Anthrenus flavipes." |
| C10H18O3 | 186.28 | (E)-9-Hydroxydec-2-enoic acid | Component of swarm-setting pheromone of queen honeybees." |
| C10H20O | 156.3 | Menthol | from peppermint oil" |
| C10H20O2 | 172.3 | (S)-7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal | Lily-of-the-valley. The R enantiomer has different odour" |
| C10H20O2 | 172.3 | (R)-7-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal | Mint. The S enantiomer has different odour." |
| C10H20O2 | 172.3 | 3-Methyl-1-butyl 3-methylbutanoate | Apple-like odour - used as apple essence." |
| C10H20O3 | 188.3 | Sitophilate | Aggregation pheromone (male) of the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius." |
| C10H22O | 158.32 | (R)-4-Methylnonan-1-ol | Sex pheromone of the yellow mealworm, Tenebriomolitor" |
| C11H8N2O3S | 248.27 | Luciferin | Isolated from the American firefly. 15,000 fireflies gives 9 mg. Simple description plus other refs" |
| C11H16O | 164.27 | Ectocarpene | volatile sperm cell attractant released by the eggs of the seaweed Ectocarpus siliculosus" |
| C11H16O | 164.27 | Jasmone | perfume, from oil of jasmine" |
| C11H17NO3 | 211.29 | Mescaline | Hallucinogen from peyote. " |
| C11H18O2 | 182.29 | Nerol formate | Alarm pheromone of the cheese mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae Used in perfumery, which led Thomas and Bessiere (in Total Synthesis of Natural Products, Vol. 4, p459) to wonder 'what the effect of a perfumed hand over a dish of doubtful cheese would be!'" |
| C11H18O2 | 182.29 | (E)-Non-6-en-1-yl acetate | Attractant for the female melon fly (Dacus cucurbitae)" |
| C11H20O | 168.31 | (Z)-Dec-5-en-2-one | Pheromone of the bontebok, Damliscus dorcas dorcas." |
| C11H20O2 | 184.31 | (S)-1-Methylbutyl (E)-2-methylpent-2-enoate | Dominicalure 1: a male-produced aggregation pheromone of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica." |
| C11H20O2 | 184.31 | (S)-1-Methylbutyl (E)-2,4-dimethylpent-2-enoate | Dominicalure 2: a male-produced aggregation pheromone of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica." |
| C11H22O | 170.33 | Undecanal | Pheromone of the male greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella" |
| C11H22O | 170.33 | (RZ)-Undec-6-en-2-ol | The volatile signal of ant-lions, Euroleon nostras and Grocus bore." |
| C11H22O2 | 186.33 | Serricornin | Female-produced sex pheromone of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne." |
| C12H8O | 168.2 | Capillin | bmp image an acetylenic ketone which has fungicidal activity" |
| C12H10 | 154.22 | Acenaphthene | in coal tar" |
| C12H18Cl2N4OS | 337.3 | Thiamine | Vitamin B1. Model does not show the two chloride ions." |
| C12H18O4 | 226.3 | (2E,6E)-3,7-Dimethyldeca -2,6-dienedioic acid | Isolated from the hair pencils of male monarch butterflies, Danaus plexippus" |
| C12H20O | 180.32 | (5E,7Z)-Dodeca-5,7-dienal | Pheromone of the western tent caterpillar, Melacosoma californicum." |
| C12H20O2 | 196.32 | (3Z,11S)-Dodec-3-en-11-olide | Component of the aggregation pheromone of the rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus." |
| C12H20O2 | 196.32 | (3Z,11R)-Dodec-3-en-11-olide | Component of the aggregation pheromone of the merchant grain beetle, Oryzaephilus mercator." |
| C12H22O | 182.34 | (5Z,7E)-Dodeca-5,7-dien-1-ol | Pheromone of the female pine moth, Dendrolimus spectabilis, and the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria." |
| C12H22O | 182.34 | (8Z,10E)-Dodeca-8,10-dien-1-ol | Sex pheromone of the codlin moth, Laspeyresia pomonella, and the forest tent caterpillar, Malacosoma disstria." |
| C12H22O2 | 198.34 | (Z)-Dec-5-en-1-yl acetate | Pheromone component of the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum." |
| C12H22O2 | 198.34 | Quadrilure | Aggregation pheromone of male square-necked grain beetles, Cathartus quadricollis." |
| C12H22O2 | 198.34 | Invictolide | Queen recognition pheromone component of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta." |
| C12H22O11 | 342.34 | Cellobiose | unit of cellulose, though not found free in nature" |
| C12H22O11 | 342.34 | Lactose | in milk of mammals" |
| C12H22O11 | 342.34 | Maltose | sweetener, from starch" |
| C12H22O11 | 342.34 | Sucrose, Sugar | cane sugar, beet sugar" |
| C12H24O2 | 200.36 | Dodecanoic acid | Lauric acid, from coconut and other oils. All about coconuts!" |
| C14H8O4 | 240.22 | Alizarin | root of the madder plant" |
| C14H18O8 | 314.32 | Vanillin beta-D-glucoside | " |
| C14H22O | 206.36 | (+)-cis-alpha-Irone | Fragrant principle of violets, though best isolated from iris or orris oil. Natural product is a mixture of alpha, beta and gamma forms. Used in perfumery." |
| C14H22O | 206.36 | (+)-trans-alpha-Irone | Fragrant principle of violets, though best isolated from iris or orris oil. Natural product is a mixture of alpha, beta and gamma forms. Used in perfumery." |
| C14H22O | 206.36 | (+)-beta-Irone | Fragrant principle of violets, though best isolated from iris or orris oil. Natural product is a mixture of alpha, beta and gamma forms. Used in perfumery." |
| C14H22O | 206.36 | (+)-cis-gamma-Irone | Fragrant principle of violets, though best isolated from iris or orris oil. Natural product is a mixture of alpha, beta and gamma forms. Used in perfumery." |
| C14H24O2 | 224.38 | (7E,9Z)-Dodeca-7,9-dien-1-yl acetate | Sex pheromone of the grape vine moth, Lobesia botrana." |
| C14H26O2 | 226.4 | (E)-Dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate | Sex pheromone of the false codling moth, Cryptophlevia leucotretia." |
| C14H26O2 | 226.4 | (Z)-Dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate | Sex pheromone of the European grape berry moth. Only the pure Z-diastereoisomer is bioactive with this moth." |
| C14H26O2 | 226.4 | (E)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate | Pheromone of the red bollworm moth, the cereal tortrix moth and rhe European pine shoot moth." |
| C14H26O2 | 226.4 | (Z)-Dodec-7-en-1-yl acetate | Pheromone of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni." |
| C15H11I4NO4 | 776.91 | Levothyroxine | as sodium salt: Synthroid, for treatment of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid desease references" |
| C15H18O5 | 278.33 | Coriamyrtin | Toxic sesquiterpene from the leaves and fruit of Coraria myrtifolia." |
| C15H20O3 | 248.35 | Periplanone-B | Component of the sex pheromone of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana" |
| C15H20O3 | 248.35 | Illudin M | An antitumor, antibiotic produced by poisonous basidiomycetes Clitocybe illudens." |
| C15H21NO2 | 247.37 | Demerol | Narcotic analgesic, similar in action to morphine. Information" |
| C15H22O | 218.37 | alpha-Vetivone | Isolated from vetiver oil (from the roots of Vetiveria zizanioides. May be used in perfumery." |
| C15H22O | 218.37 | beta-Vetivone | Isolated from vetiver oil (roots of Vetiveria zizanioides. Mixed with alpha-vetivone." |
| C15H22O3 | 250.37 | Warburganal | Sesquiterpene from Warburgia ugandensis. Has biological activity as a plant growth regulator, an antimicrobial and as a molluscicide." |
| C15H22O5 | 282.37 | Artemisinin | Active antimalarial constituent of the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Artemisia anua. (2000 years old remedy.)" |
| C15H24 | 204.39 | Humulene | terpene constituent of carnation extracts. A cyclo-undecatriene." |
| C15H24 | 204.39 | Copaene | Sesquiterpene from African copaiba balsam oil." |
| C15H24 | 204.39 | Thujopsene | Sesquiterpene from wood oil of the Japanese Hiba tree." |
| C15H24 | 204.39 | beta-Cadinene | Sesquiterpene in essential oils from junipers and ceders (oil of cade)." |
| C15H24 | 204.39 | Ylangene | Isolated from ylang-ylang oil and oil of birch buds." |
| C15H24 | 204.39 | beta-Farnesene | Constituent of various essential oils and of a red fire and trail pheromone." |
| C15H24O | 220.39 | alpha-Santalol | Sesquiterpene alcohol from sandalwood oil." |
| C15H24O | 220.39 | beta-Santalol | From sandalwood oil." |
| C15H24O2 | 236.39 | Methyl (R,2E)-tetradeca-2,4,5-trienoate | Sex attractant of the male dried-bean weevil. Naturally optically active due to allene structure. Pheromone of the male dried bark beetle, Acanthoscelides obtectus, 74% this enantiomer. Specific rotation: -176º" |
| C15H24O2 | 236.39 | Methyl (S,2E)-tetradeca-2,4,5-trienoate | Naturally occuring optically active due to allene structure. Pheromone of the male dried bark beetle, Acanthoscelides obtectus, 26% this enantiomer. Specific rotation: +176º" |
| C15H24O2 | 236.39 | Methyl tetradeca-2,4,5-trenoate | Pheromone of the male dried bark beetle, Acanthoscelides obtectus, a naturally occuring (74% this enantiomer) chiral allene. Specific rotation: -176º" |
| C15H26O | 222.41 | Farnesol | Found in many oils such as citronella, lemon grass, rose, and musk. Used in perfumery to emphasize sweet floral odours." |
| C15H26O | 222.41 | (+)-Carotol | From oil of carrot seeds." |
| C15H26O | 222.41 | Ledol | Sesquiterpene from the essential oil of leaves of Ledum palustre." |
| C15H26O | 222.41 | Patchouli alcohol | Sesquiterpene from oil of patchouli." |
| C15H30O2 | 242.45 | Lardolure | Aggregation pheromone of the acarid mite, Lardoglyphus konoi." |
| C16H8Br2N2O2 | 420.06 | Tyrian purple | 6,6'-dibromoindigo. Prepared from sea snails found near the city of Tyre in very low yield (10,000 snails gave 1 g of dye) and so very expensive and historically available only to royalty." |
| C16H18N2O4S | 334.42 | Penicillin G | " |
| C16H21NO3 | 275.38 | Annotinine | Major alkaloid of club mosses." |
| C16H30O | 238.46 | Bombykol | Pheromone from the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori" |
| C16H30O | 238.46 | (R)-3-Methylcyclopentadecanone | Muscone. Odorous principle of musk. Used in perfumery" |
| C17H19NO3 | 285.37 | Morphine | Most important alkaloid of opium, a narcotic analgesic. Addictive. Sulfate medication" |
| C17H21NO4 | 303.39 | Cocaine | a local anesthetic from leaves of Erythroxylon coca, a bush in the Andes" |
| C17H22O2 | 258.39 | Enanthotoxin | (R enantiomer) an acetylenic natural product from hemlock water dropwort, the most poisonous plant in the UK." |
| C17H30O | 250.47 | (Z)-Cycloheptadec-9-enone | Musky odour, used in perfumery." |
| C17H30O | 250.47 | Faranal | Trail pheromone of Pharoah's ant, Monomorium Pharaonis, detected at 1 pg/cm of trail." |
| C18H12N2O2 | 288.32 | Xanthocillin | Antibiotic used in some feed supplements. Contains the isonitrile (-NC) group." |
| C18H21NO3 | 299.4 | Codeine | Inhibits the cough reflex" |
| C18H24O2 | 272.42 | Estradiol | Most potent mammalian estrogenic (female sex) hormone" |
| C18H27NO3 | 305.46 | Capsaicin | Isolated from paprika and cayenne. Burning taste, can be detected to the dilution of 1 part in 100 000!" |
| C18H27NO6 | 353.46 | Hygrophylline | Isolated from Senecio hygrophylus" |
| C18H30O2 | 278.48 | (Z)-Hexadec-13-en-11-yn-1-yl acetate | Female sex pheromone of the processionary moth, Thaumetopoea pityocampa, a Mediterranean pine tree defoliator." |
| C18H32O2 | 280.5 | (11E,9Z)-Octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid | " |
| C18H32O2 | 280.5 | (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid | " |
| C18H32O2 | 280.5 | (9Z,12Z)-Octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid | Present in many vegetable oils. Used in paints, emulsifiers." |
| C18H32O3 | 296.5 | cis-12,13-Epoxyoctadec-cis-9-enoic acid | Vernolic acid: principle seed oil acid from Vernonia anthelmintica" |
| C18H34O | 266.52 | (3E,13Z)-3,13-Octadecadien-1-ol | a pheromone of the poplar twig clearwing moth (Paranthrene tabaniformis)" |
| C18H36O2 | 284.54 | Octadecanoic acid, Stearic acid | " |
| C18H38 | 254.56 | 2-Methylheptadecane | Sex pheromone of the tiger moth, Holomelina aurantiaca." |
| C19H12O6 | 336.31 | Dicoumarol | In spoiled sweet clover, used as an anticoagulant." |
| C19H19N7O6 | 441.45 | Folic acid (folate) | Vitamin" |
| C19H22O6 | 346.41 | Gibberellic acid | Plant hormone - most potent of the growth promoting metabolites of Gibberella fujikuroi. Used as a plant growth regulator, especially for seedlings, and as a food additive in the malting of barley." |
| C19H28O2 | 288.47 | Testosterone | Principle male sex hormone (androgen), also promotes muscle growth" |
| C19H30O2 | 290.49 | Androsterone | Male sex hormone." |
| C19H32 | 260.51 | (3Z,6Z,9Z)-Nonadeca-1,3,6,9-tetraene | Sex pheromone of the winter moth, Operophthera brumata" |
| C19H34 | 262.53 | (3Z,6Z,9Z)-Nonadeca-3,6,9-triene | Pheromone component of the giant looper, Boarmia selenaria" |
| C19H36O2 | 296.55 | Lactobacillic acid | Constituent of microorganisms." |
| C19H38 | 266.57 | (S)-14-Methyloctadec-1-ene | Sex pheromone of the peach miner moth, Lyonetia clerkella, a destructive pest in the peach orchards of Japan." |
| C19H38O | 282.57 | Disparlure | Sex pheromone of the gypsy moth." |
| C19H38O2 | 298.57 | (2S,3S,7S)-3,7-Dimethylpentadec-2-yl acetate | Attractive to the American pine sawfly, Neodiprion pinetum" |
| C19H40 | 268.59 | (5S,9S)-5,9-Dimethylheptadecane | Female sex pheromone of the mountain-ash bentwing, Leucoptera scitella, a pest in the apple orchards of Hungary." |
| C20H12 | 252.32 | Benzo[a]pyrene | Found in coal tar, possible carcinogen." |
| C20H24N2O2 | 324.46 | Quinine | antimalarial drug isolated from cinchona bark" |
| C20H28O | 284.48 | 11-cis-Retinal | component of the visual pigments" |
| C20H28O | 284.48 | 11-trans-Retinal | component of the visual pigments" |
| C20H30O | 286.5 | Vitamin A | 1 unit of Vit A is 0.30 micrograms. Vit A, unicef" |
| C20H32O2 | 304.52 | Arachidonic acid | (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-Icosa-5,6,11,14-tetraenoic acid, an essential fatty acid, occurs in liver, brain, glandular organs." |
| C20H40 | 280.6 | Eicosanoic acid | Arachidic acid, found in a number of oils including peanut oil." |
| C21H30O2 | 314.51 | (-)-Delta(1)-THC | Active component of marijuana" |
| C21H30O2 | 314.51 | (-)-Delta(6)-THC | Active (but only 1%) component of marijuana" |
| C21H30O5 | 362.51 | Cortisol | Glucocorticoid hormone (regulates metabolism of carbohydrates and decrease inflamation" |
| C21H36O2 | 320.57 | 3-Pentadecylcatechol | constituent of the irritant oil of poison ivy. other sites:poison ivy poison ivy poison ivy poison oak" |
| C22H37NO | 331.6 | Anandamide | Chocoholics amide, ethanolamide of arachidonic acid." |
| C22H42O2 | 338.64 | (Z)-Docos-13-enoic acid | Erucic acid. 40-50% of the fatty acids in seeds such as rapeseed and mustard." |
| C23H34O4 | 374.57 | Digitoxigenin | Aglycon of digitoxin, a cardiotonic" |
| C24H40O5 | 408.64 | (+)Cholic acid | a bile acid. 11 stereocentres lead to 2048 possible stereoisomers. Of the these only this one is found naturally." |
| C27H42O4 | 430.69 | Hecogenin | Naturally occuring plant steroid which may be used to synthesize required human steroids, avoiding costly total synthesis." |
| C27H46O | 386.73 | Cholesterol | Steroid transformations Photo Gallery Control High Cholesterol Levels" |
| C28H44O | 396.72 | Ergosterol | Obtained from yeast, most important provitamin D" |
| C29H50O2 | 430.79 | Vitamin E | Found in wheat germ, corn, sunflower seeds, soybean oils, etc. Used as an antioxidant in vegetable oils." |
| C30H40O6 | 496.7 | Absinthin | Very bitter orange needle crystals from wormwood, Artemisia absinthium" |
| C33H40N2O9 | 608.75 | Reserpine | Tranquilizer and antihypertensive." |
| C34H32FeN4O4 | 616.55 | Heme | In hemoglobin in the blood." |
| C36H61NaO11 | 692.96 | Monensin - Sodium salt | An ionophore antibiotic produced by the bacteria Streptoyces cinnamonensis. Used in beef cattle to increase the weight gain to food intake ratio. Information" |
| C36H62O11 | 670.98 | Monensin | An ionophore antibiotic produced by the bacteria Streptoyces cinnamonensis. Used in beef cattle to increase the weight gain to food intake ratio. Information" |
| C37H67NO13 | 734.05 | Erythromycin A | Produced by a strain of Streptomyces erythreus. Used as an antibacterial." |
| C40H56 | 536.96 | alpha-Carotene | Vitamin A precursor. Found widespread but in smaller amounts than beta form." |
| C40H56 | 536.96 | beta-Carotene | Vitamin A precursor." |
| C46H49O14N | 839.96 | Taxol | jpg image extracted from bark of Pacific yew tree, of which the supply is limited; shows promise in treating certain kinds of cancers. www taxol page." |
| C50H70O14 | 895.2 | Brevetoxin B | marine neurotoxin associated with 'red tide' catastrophes on coastal areas around the world The Harmful Algae Page Intro to Dinoflagellata" |
| C57H110O6 | 891.67 | Prop-1,2,3-yl triactodecanoate | A triglyceride, fat." |
| C60 | 720.6 | Buckminsterfullerene | Bucky ball molecule, found in soot." |
| C63H88CoN14O14P | 1355.55 | Vitamin B12 | Synthesized 1972, Woodward et al." |
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